Describe the function of a relay in an instrumentation system.

In an instrumentation system, a relay serves as an electrically-operated switch. This means it is capable of controlling a larger electrical current or voltage by using a smaller control signal, effectively allowing one circuit to control another. When the control circuit receives a signal, the relay activates, closing or opening the contacts in the circuit it is connected to, thus controlling the operation of devices within the system.

For example, in industrial settings, relays are often used to turn on high-voltage equipment, alarms, or other devices that require more power than what the control circuit can provide. This switching capability is crucial for automating operations, responding to signals from sensors, or implementing safety measures in instrumentation systems.